Essay Abraham Lincolns Assassination - 3328 Words

Abraham Lincoln, the sixteenth President of the United States was elected president on November 6, 1860. Not even on the South’s ballot, Lincoln received 40% of the popular vote. As a strong republican, Lincoln believed in the abolition of slavery. Lincoln became president in the highest conflict between North and South in history, and wanted to preserve the Union. He believed that the South should not be punished after the Civil War, because he thought that they had already been punished enough. Abraham Lincoln’s lenient policies along with the effects of the Civil War led to his assassination. In the 1860’s, disputes began to arise about the amount of power that should be given to the State and Federal governments. During this†¦show more content†¦Lee surrendered at the Appomattox Courthouse, nearly ending the War (Reilly, B., Zimmerman, D. J.). John Wilkes Booth became a professional actor at the age of seventeen (Reilly, B., Zimmerman, D. J.). During the Civil War, he smuggled medicine to the Confederates and worked as a spy (Reilly, B., Zimmerman, D. J.). Then, when Richmond fell to Union forces, Booth was crushed by the fall of the rebellion and returned to Washington (The Effect of President Lincoln’s Death on National Affairs 4). Booth believed that Abraham Lincoln would be not be re-elected for his second term (Redford, R.). Soon after, Booth attended Lincoln’s second inaugural speech and uttered the words â€Å"What an excellent chance I had, if I wished, to kill the President on Inauguration day!† (qtd The Effect of President Lincoln’s Death on National Affairs). He hated that slaves would be treated as equals (The Lincoln Assassination and its Aftermath). Previously, Booth had wanted to abduct Lincoln to trade him for prisoners-of-war to benefit the Confederates, but the defeat of the South changed his plans to murder (Redford, R.). After the war, Lincoln gave a speech outlining his plans for peace and reconstruction for the country (34f. The Assassination of the President). Upon hearing Lincoln’s words, Booth muttered â€Å"Now, by God I’ll put him through†¦this is the last speech he will ever make† (qtd 34f. The Assassination of the President). Although the war was over, there was stillShow MoreRelatedEssay about Abraham Lincolns Assassination2628 Words   |  11 PagesAbraham Lincoln, the sixteenth President of the United States was elected president on November 6 in the year 1860. Not even on the South’s ballot, Lincoln received 40% of the popular vote. As a strong republican, Lincoln believed in the abolition of slavery. Lincoln became president in the highest conflict between North and South in history and wanted to preserve the Union. He believed that the South should not be punished after the Civil War because he thought that they had already been punishedRead MoreAbraham Lincoln s Legacy Of The Man Behind The Gun With A Plan982 Words   |  4 PagesMichael Dominguez Mrs. Gaither English III -5 4 March 2016 Abraham Lincoln Assassination Early morning of April 15, 1865 the United States of America stood still. It started as a normal day at the theatre, but soon a dramatic turn would change United States history forever. This paper will define President Abraham Lincoln’s life, the man behind the gun with a plan, and how the United States reacted. Abraham Lincoln was the 16th President of the United States of America, he served a single term fromRead MoreThe Events Leading Up to the Assassination of President Abraham Lincoln1288 Words   |  6 Pagesleading up to the Assassination of President Abraham Lincoln There are men who want to take my life. And I have no doubt they will do it. . . If it is to be done, it is impossible to prevent it. This quote can closely be related to Abraham Lincoln and his assassination. This shows that President Lincoln was committed to his beliefs and traditions. When Abraham Lincoln was assassinated, it was because his killer was an anti-abolitionist, and he did not agree with Lincoln’s ways. He was a strongRead MoreAnalysis Of Chasing Lincoln s Killer 1188 Words   |  5 Pages. Swanson, James L. Chasing Lincoln’s Killer. New York: Scholastic Press, 2009. 2. Chasing Lincoln’s Killer is a biography, as it mainly focuses on John Wilkes Booth’s plan to assassinate the president along with the secretary of state and vice president, the actual assassinations in action, and Booth’s attempt to escape to the south, along with personal retellings of what happened by the people involved. 3. Swanson has been fascinated with the assassination of Lincoln since he was ten when hisRead MoreAn American Legend Lost715 Words   |  3 PagesLegend Lost From presidency, to a traumatic death, Abraham Lincoln lived a fascinating life. The sixteenth American president helped in the preservation of American freedoms, bringing an end to slavery. From The Emancipation Proclamation to the development of the secret service, Abraham Lincoln set an example for the future leadership of America. As the Civil War began in April 1861, a detective named Allan Pinkerton gave assistance to Abraham Lincoln. The president requested his presence immediatelyRead MoreThe Year Long Period Of Social Unrest1747 Words   |  7 Pagesideas for example, John Wilkes Booth, the ideal situation to take action. The sixteenth president of the United States of America and the leader of the Union during Civil War, Abraham Lincoln, was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth, an actor pursuing the revival of the confederacy and the total destruction of the Union. Abraham Lincoln was known to be a hard working, driven man which led him into politics and eventually presidency. Throughout his childhood, Lincoln had grown up in very rural areas andRead MoreThe Assassination of President Lincoln Essay1276 Words   |  6 PagesThe Assassination of President Lincoln The assassination of President Lincoln was so tragic because both Abraham Lincoln and John Wilkes Booth both believed they were doing the right thing. Abraham Lincoln wanted freedom for all because he believed that was right. He knew not everyone agreed and that was why America was having a Civil War but he felt that it was the right thing to do. John Wilkes Booth believed that there should be slaves in the south and did not agree with President Lincoln atRead MoreLincoln s Impact On The Civil War1542 Words   |  7 PagesAbraham Lincoln Research Paper Who was the Greatest President that ever lived! Abraham Lincoln. Abraham Lincoln was a very well respected man at an early age. He worked hard most of his life and worked hard in law, and as a president to keep our nation in one during the Civil War. He had the mindset to get where he needed to go. He lived a long and resentful life full of problems that he fixed. Lincoln’s early life, Lincoln enters presidency, Lincoln’s impact on the Civil War as a president, Lincoln’sRead MorePresident Abraham Lincoln and Walt Whitman947 Words   |  4 PagesPresident Abraham Lincoln, admired by Walt Whitman, blossomed in â€Å"Whitmans writing and in American mythology†(Eiselein) for his leadership and nobility. Whitman hoped for a rugged, healthy, who knew what real, physical work was, to be the â€Å"[r]edeemer [p]resident of [t]hese [s]tates†(Whitman). His hopes came true â€Å"as in a dream†(Whitman) when â€Å"four years later, just such a beard-f aced boatman†(Goodheart) entered the White House. Walt Whitman discovered the â€Å"comprehensive, all-directing soul he hadRead MoreThe Assassination Of Abraham Lincoln861 Words   |  4 PagesAppomattox Courthouse, one of America s greatest presidents, Abraham Lincoln, was shot and killed by a man named John Wilkes Booth. Specifically, John Wilkes Booth was an American play actor and a big sympathiser for the Confederacy. Booth was well known for his hatred towards the President and his crazy ideas and motives, which lead to the killing of Lincoln. Many conspiracies and theories today believed the assassination of Abraham Lincoln was handled by John Wilkes alone, but other conspiracies

Cougars on the prowl

Question: Write an article onCougars on the prowl". Answer: The article discusses the sexuality of the women beyond the age of forty. It states the views of two different ideologies about sexuality and ageing. The first explains the link between sexuality and aging that does not agree with the fact that older women seeks younger sexual partners and believe in the stereotype age and gender relation. The second ideology disagree with the first ideology and tries to recognize the sexual desire of the older generation which is the new trend and it support sexual activity and sexual health for the life time. The article has shows the findings from a survey of 84 women in the age group of 20-60. The reactions of these women regarding the ideology was noted and concluded that majority of the women goes with the first ideology. However few has accepted the changing trend and indicated the reality of the older womens sexual desire (Montemurro Siefken, 2014). An American media has identified a term cougar for the women of 40s who desire to have younger sexual partners. The term is generally used for desperate divorce women or others who are beyond 40s. It is the new trend of looking at the older women who are previously perceived to have disinterest in sexual life. The trend of identifying cougar has started in north America and was first time used by the media in 2006 in one of its article. Later, it was used further in American film in 2008 and then appeared several times in 2009, 2010 and 2011 in several articles of newspaper, magazine. Further, in 2012, even several websites were started which paired the older women with young men (Weg , 2013). The paper basically tries to analysis whether the term cougar can be used to show the deviation from traditional sexual scripts both in respect of gender and age. It tries to understand the attitudes of other women towards cougar in society and shows the insight of the peer group for women who are assertive towards sexual life in the society. The paper discusses the stereotype ideology about women sexuality which asserts that beyond 40 are frigid older women and does not have desires towards sexual life. Several studies have shown that a significant number of women do response to sexual desire even after the menopausal state and it remains active till the age of 90s.There is no uniformity between aging and sexual desires. The women get affected by the physical and social factors such as cultural norms, relationship status, generations, sexual orientation and health issues. It has been found that about 63% of women have health issues between the age fifty-seven and seventy-four and so there is increasing disinterest in the sexual life. There are several studies that tries to understand the changing ideologies about sexuality of women and concluded that the current trend has shown some reality in the changing ideology (Trompeter et al, 2012). The methods used to make a study on the changing sexuality of older women were through collection of data from the mode of direct interviews. There were ninety-five women whose interviews were taken from the period 2008 to 2009 and the sample was stratified in terms of marital status, race, age and parental status. The composition of age was as follows: Age Sample size 20s 20 30s 20 40s 19 50s 18 60s 18 The questions asked in the interview was regarding their attitude towards sexuality and aging and the way sexuality changes over the life time. There were question about the term cougar and its acceptance in the society. Out of the total sample size 70% lived in suburban areas and 30% lived in urban areas. The data were then analysed and sorted to establish attitudinal patterns towards the term cougar and idea about the aggressiveness about sexuality of the older women (Spatz et al., 2013). The findings of the study say that the term was familiar to most of the respondents and almost all of them have given their views about the women sexuality. Only 15% of the women were ignorant of the term. Out of the total respondents 56% of the women responded negatively towards the term and rest showed mixed reactions. The view of the majority of the respondents were that the term is used not only for the older women but also for those who goes against the traditional norms of the society and indulge in sexuality beyond the general rules of the society. It can be also use for women who reinforce double standards towards sexuality. Only few women, seventeen out of the total, accepted the term cougar as it is stated. Hence as a word, cougar reflects a social image of aggression and desperation stimulated by modern culture (Beausoleil et al., 2013). The discussion in the paper reflects the changing attitude of people towards their sexual life. I disagree with the stated link between changing sexual desires of older women and modern culture. The sexuality of women varies widely and is not uniform with individuals and so drawing a generalised conclusion about the sexuality behaviour of older women is not supported. The term cougar was restrain by many as it violated the traditional behaviour of the society. There may be few who violate the traditional behaviour but it cannot be stated as generalised behaviour for older women. There was tension between the alternate and hegemonic ideologies and that clears the traditional outlook of the society which still holds the dominant position. The cougar, if exists, holds a subordinate position in the society and the cultural life of the people (Montemurro Siefken, 2014). The use of the term cougar may push the pharmaceutical industry and increase their profit by creating more demand for medicines which keep the people fit forever and fight off the declining desire of sexuality. It can be only used to show the changing social and cultural scenario but cannot be the stated situation of the modern society. In a society the cultural changes and start influencing the society and then slowly bring social change. The image tried to be created by the continuous usage of the term cougar may affect the cultural of few people and later become contagious to the society which may lead to the expected social change by the author. I completely disagree with the propagation of such negativity in the society by the usage of the term cougar. It should be the personal interest of the individual and should be used only at the personal level so that the traditional cultural of the society does not get destroyed (Mc , 2013). The women who were interviewed had shown mixed reaction towards the use of the term but were common in thoughts regarding the concept to be personalised rather than publicised. Their response shows their likes and dislikes about the older women sexual desires and acceptance of it is a personal view (Lee et al., 2016). "text-align: justify;"It is true that the society is changing and the change is very obvious in all respects, ie in terms of relationship, attitudes, culture and aggressiveness. There are multiple views regarding the older women sexuality and it should be treated as the choice of the older women and not as a topic of discussion for the society. It is a personalised factor and will affect the society culture if propagated in the society (Giddens, 2013). In conclusion, the brief of the paper is given. The paper discusses the sexuality of the women beyond the age of forty and brought the discussion of two different ideologies about the sexuality of the older aged women. The first ideology explains the link between sexuality and aging that does not agree with the fact that older women seeks younger sexual partners and believe in the stereotype age and gender relation. The second ideology disagree with the first ideology and tries to recognize the sexual desire of the older generation which is the new trend and it support sexual activity and sexual health for the life time. In this regard a research study has been done with the set of primary data collected from interviewing 84 women. The results show a mixed response. However, broadly maximum of the women respondent disagree with increasing sexual desire with older women and getting more aggressive in choosing younger men as partners (Di, Breland Allen, 2013). Hence the concept of cougar is disagreed to be used publically to show the changing society. The variation in sexuality is accepted but categorizing the older women by a particular state is disagreed. Further, the society is changing but generalising the personal interest on the society is not accepted and disagreed. At the personal individual level, the desires of older women towards sexuality may be according to the discussion in the paper, but it may hold only for rare few and not for all. Thus generalising the concept will affect the growth and development of the society (Burgdorf, Sirin Wolff, 2015). References Beausoleil, R. A., Koehler, G. M., Maletzke, B. T., Kertson, B. N., Wielgus, R. B. (2013). Research to regulation: Cougar social behavior as a guide for management.Wildlife Society Bulletin,37(3), 680-688. Burgdorf, J., Sirin, A. Wolff, F., 2015, September. The COUGAR Experiment for BEXUS 18-Lessons Learned. In22nd ESA Symposium on European Rocket and Balloon Programmes and Related Research(Vol. 730, p. 613). Di Napoli, E. A., Breland, G. L., Allen, R. S. (2013). Staff knowledge and perceptions of sexuality and dementia of older adults in nursing homes.Journal of Aging and Health,25(7), 1087-1105. Giddens, A. (2013).The transformation of intimacy: Sexuality, love and eroticism in modern societies. John Wiley Sons. Lee, D. M., Nazroo, J., OConnor, D. B., Blake, M., Pendleton, N. (2016). Sexual health and well-being among older men and women in England: findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.Archives of sexual behavior,45(1), 133-144. McClintock, A. (2013).Imperial leather: Race, gender, and sexuality in the colonial contest. Routledge. Montemurro, B., Siefken, J. M. (2014). Cougars on the prowl? New perceptions of older women's sexuality.Journal of Aging Studies,28, 35-43. Spatz, E. S., Canavan, M. E., Desai, M. M., Krumholz, H. M., Lindau, S. T. (2013). Sexual activity and function among middle-aged and older men and women with hypertension.Journal of hypertension,31(6). Trompeter, S. E., Bettencourt, R., Barrett-Connor, E. (2012). Sexual activity and satisfaction in healthy community-dwelling older women.The American journal of medicine,125(1), 37-43. Weg, R. B. (Ed.). (2013).Sexuality in the later years: Roles and behavior. Elsevier.

The Daewoo Group Organization Essays - Chaebol, Daewoo, GM Korea

The Daewoo Group Organization MSA 650: Organizational Theory Sunday, March 19, 2000 DAEWOO GROUP ORGANIZATION FACTS: Woo-Chong Kim founded the Daewoo Group in 1967. It became one of the Big Four chaebol in South Korea. Daewoo is an industrial and multi-faceted service conglomerate. Daewoo was prominent in expanding its global market through joint ventures all over the world. During the 1960s, after the downfall of the Syngman Rhee government, the new government intervened to promote growth and development in the country. They increased access to resources, promoted exports, financed industrialization, and provided protection from competition. In exchange for a companys loyalty, the government granted favorable treatment to the chaebol. In the beginning, the Korean government instigated a series of five-year plans where chaebol were forced to achieve a number of basic objectives. Daewoo did not become a major player until the second five-year plan. Daewoo began trading and benefited from government-sponsored cheap loans by borrowing based on potential export profits. The company initially concentrated on labor- intensive clothing and textile industries that provided high profit margins. The most significant resource in this plan was the South Koreans large workforce. The third and fourth phase of the five-year plan occurred from 1973 to 1981. During this period, the countrys labor force was in high demand. Competitions from other countries begin eroding Koreas competitive edge. The government responded to this change by concentrating its effort on mechanical and electrical engineering, shipbuilding, petrochemicals, construction, and home base defense initiatives. During this period, Daewoo achieved its general trading company status and anger aroused from competing nations due strict controls. At the end of this period, Government policy forced Daewoo into shipbuilding. Kim was reluctant to enter this type of industry because he felt that there were other chaebol better suited to handle the heavy engineering project. Nevertheless, Kim soon saw Daewoo earn a reputation for producing competitively priced ships and oilrigs. During the next decade, the Korean government became more liberal in their economic efforts. Small private companies were encouraged, protectionist imports were loosened, and the government stopped practicing positive discrimination. These moves were designed to encourage free market trade and to force the chaebol to be more aggressive abroad. Daewoo responded to the challenge by establishing a number of joint ventures with U.S. and European companies. They expanded exports of machine tools, defense products, aerospace interests, and semiconductor design and manufacturing. After a gradual learning curve, they begin to build civilian helicopters and airplanes, which were priced considerably cheaper than those produced by their U.S. counterparts. They expanded their efforts in the motor industry and was ranked as the seventh highest car exporter and the sixth largest car manufacturer in the world. Daewoo had excellent experience at turning around faltering companies in Korea. ISSUES: There were many issues discussed in this case across the years of growth, but I will focus on the major issues in this case. Those issues are as follows: 1. Government Interventions: Government policy served as a double edge sworn, it protected the chaebol, providing them with massive subsidies, unlimited cheap credit, and protection against foreign competition. However, the price for these services was total loyalty to the government. Chaebol were forced to take over industries against their will. The government was constantly involved in their businesses and stifled their creativity. 2. Labor Market: Traditional work ethics that helped Korea reach economic prosperity has been threatened as workers have begun increasingly violent protest against years of long hours and low pay. Daewoo shipbuilding suffered heavy loses due to workers demand for pay raises. 3. Operating in a Global Economy: International demands for free trade is forcing the Korean government to open its market. The chaebol will lose its protectionist import controls. Most recently, the North American Free Trade Agreement and the European Economic Community imposed trade limitations. 4. Product Quality from Korea: Korean products were considered cheap quality. Companies are trying to improve that image. 5. By the 1990s, Daewoo Group was heavily leveraged, major markets were stagnant, expenditures on R&D were increasing, labor unrest continued, and government policy adds to their worries. 6. Kim was most recently charged with allegedly paying campaign contributions to former president Roh Tae Woo government in exchange for a large government contract to build a submarine base. SOLUTIONS: Daewoo Group president

Abe Lincoln1 essays

Abe Lincoln1 essays History Essay The United Sates declared its independence from Great Britain on July 4, 1776. Great Britain did not recognize its independence until, the Treaty of Paris, two years after the American forces defeated the Britain army at the siege of Yorktown. Since the Articles of Confederation were replaced by the U.S. Constitution in 1789, the United States has had forty-two different presidents. Among these presidents, two of the best have were George Washington, and Abraham Lincoln. This essay will prove that George Washington was the greatest U.S. president of all time. There are certain attributes that good presidents have. It is said that good presidents are always stubborn and disagreeable. 1 Along with those two qualities good presidents are intelligent, selfless, hard working, good communicators, good listeners, good problem solving tactics, determination, and they are able to recognize problems. George Washingtons rise to power started in 1732 when he was born, in Westmorela nd, Virginia on his fathers farm. He lived until 1799, when he died at the age of sixty-seven. He served as president from 1789 threw until 1797. When growing up, George received most of his education from his father and older brother. When he was 17 he was named the surveyor of Culpeper County, this was the first public office position he held.2 When Washington was finished surveying, in November of 1752, he was appointed the adjutant in the colonial militia. His first mission did not come until the following summer, when he volunteered to take a message from Governor, to the French commander. Following this mission he was brought to the kings attention, and he was given a lieutenant colonels commission.3 Washington showed his opposition to Britain started in 1759 when he became a member of Virginias House of Burgesses. He was known to be shy and reserved4 but he opposed the British rules and re...

The changing interaction of finance information and technology Essay

The changing interaction of finance information and technology - Essay Example The test life cycle of the system is divided in different scenarios from 1 through 11. The significant feature of the system is that it validates the data at every step. The process is completed by following scenarios which are defined below (Dan Lemus, April 13, 2011): Scenario 1 starts by creating a new project or working on the existing project. System assigns a unique user name for the user and stored it in the database of the system for later validation. To start a project we first define a project and system assigns a unique project code following with the details of Project principal, description and initiator of the project. When the project is formally initiated we move to Scenario 2. This phase of system is wholly related to the transfers funding for the project initiated. In this phase all accounting credentials are added against project initiated. Accounting information includes the accounting numbers â€Å"From Accounting Number† from which the fund will be transferred and the â€Å"To Account Number†. In this phase an important feature is also available to import accounting line information from a Comma Separated Value (CSV) file. Then final step is to submit the eDoc of transfer fund for routing to get approvals from the concerned. While proceeding to Scenario 3 the approvals will see the eDoc routed in their â€Å"Action List†. The approvers can approve/reject the document. They can leave remarks, if needed. When all the approvers have approved the eDoc the initiator will be able to see the Final status of the document in â€Å"Document Search† option at the top of the page. In Scenario 4 we can check the General Ledger Balance to see the current balance of the company. This detail can further be evaluated to monthly financial information. This information can help the managers to have a bigger picture of the funds available that could be consumed for a project. Next scenario (Scenario 5) is to make disbursement voucher in

Transition from Middle to High School Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Transition from Middle to High School - Essay Example In support of evidence-based practices, various Web-based collections of "best practices'" are now available, but not all programs included in such databases have been rigorously tested. Three databases that included programs broad enough to be useful in a school setting were selected. Criteria to screen and then assess available studies were used according to the process set out by the Evidence for Policy and Practice Information and Co-ordinating Centre {EPPI-Centre) for non quantitative review's-search, screen, describe, map and refine and appraise and synthesize'. The author has also provided a clear paragraph on the method used for screening and the criteria used for exclusion and inclusion as well. The research findings of the article have highlighted that after 246 programs were located and the initial screening criteria were met, almost 242 were excluded based on the criteria. The four which were left out are as follows: '( I ) School Transitional Environmental Program (STEP); (2) Skills, Opportunity, and recognition (SOAR), formerly Seattle Social Development Project; (3) Positive Action through Holistic Education (Project PATHE), and (4) Fast Track. The results of applying the inclusion criteria are presented in Table I'. A detailed analysis of each of the four has also been provided in the article. The author has provided a very clear and concise discussi

Jerusalem Art Essay Example for Free

Jerusalem Art Essay Art involving Jerusalem is very controversial. One has to place into context the fact that Jerusalem is a significant city for three major religions—Islam, Judaism, and Christianity. Having one city be so significant leads to both the creation of conflict and beauty. There is conflict in the sense of war and destruction, and beauty in the sense of art on the subject. The three pieces of art this writer selected were all twentieth century pieces, but all show significant scenes, buildings or represent significant Psalms in the life of Jerusalem. Because of Jerusalem’s historical significance, this writer has chosen a piece of Islamic art that depicts the old city of Jerusalem, a piece of Jewish art that represents the Psalms, and a piece of Christian art that depicts the triumphal entry and some of the significant events of Holy Week, which is the final week of Christ’s life. The first piece of art is an Arab work that shows the old city of Jerusalem. In the painting, one sees a blue-gray sky that overlooks a sandstone colored city. There is a partial wall surrounding the city, and there appears to be two large prayer towers in the background. There are also some people, men, in the picture, looking towards the city and in a couple of cases walking towards that spiritual city. The city appears to be old, but not ancient, which means this is probably dated somewhere around the Crusades. Though this is a contemporary piece, the artist has chosen to depict Jerusalem at its height in Muslim hands. This painting probably represents Jerusalem during the Crusades. This piece would be very inspiring to Muslims, as it shows the city as theirs. It also gives them an image to look to when contemplating their own religious heritage. This brings us to the point of religious iconography and the Islamic faith. Religious iconography does not play as significant a role in Muslim religious life than in other religions. This is due in part to their trepidation about displaying the human form in a religious setting. This writer feels that this piece could be taken a number of different ways depending on the perspective, whether Muslim, Christian, or Jew. For Muslims if would take them back to a time of Muslim supremacy, when they â€Å"owned† one of the most important cities in their religion. Jerusalem is a significant city for the Muslims. According to various scholars, Jerusalem is significant because it is believed it is the city from which Muhammad rose to heaven. It is also significant because some of Islam’s most significant prophets (Abraham and Jesus) preached and taught. It is also a place to which Muhammad made an historic night pilgrimage. For Christians and Jews, it would be a solemn reminder that there was a time when Christians and Jews lost their most holy city to a people they deemed â€Å"infidels†. It would bring about a profound sense of sadness and loss and might inspire a fighting spirit in Jews and Christians to reclaim their city. Over the years, the passions the Muslims have over Jerusalem have become inflamed to the point of outright violence. The attitudes have only gotten more intense and more inflexible towards the Holy City. This writer feels that the times have only served to strengthen the resolve of Muslims to reclaim the city that they perceive as theirs. Emotionally, the tensions in the region have made Muslims even more determined to control the city completely. As significant as Jerusalem is to Muslims, it also has a supreme significance to Jews. Jews actually fee as if the city belongs to them and was bequeathed to them by God thousands of years ago. It is so significant that dozens of Psalms were written about the city. One of the Psalms is 125, which says in part, â€Å"[a]s the mountains surround Jerusalem, so the Lord surrounds His people from this time forth and forever (verse 2). † In this painting by Irv Davis, one sees an encapsulated city of Jerusalem surrounded by grey mountains. The city is cream, almost white, and it is implied that the city is made of marble. The sky is blue and the sun is shining, adding to the shine on the city. One can imply that the encapsulation is the spirit of God surrounding the city and protecting it from outsiders and enemies. The contrasts are very sharp, the darkness of the mountains are contrasted with the whiteness and purity of the city. This obviously represents a very young Jerusalem. This also represents a time when the Jews were extremely fervent about their faith and wished to follow the Lord and seek his will. This picture represents a Jerusalem on the rise. It is also a bit on the allegorical side, with the young city representing a young faith. The newness of the city represents the fervency of the believers. They wish to follow the Lord and, as with anything new, the new city represents a new faith. This piece of art could be taken by the three groups in different ways. For Jews, it represents a time in their history when they had a true passion for God and would write songs of praise to the Lord using their most holy city as an inspiration. For Muslims, it would be a dour reminder that a region and city of the world they felt they originally owned had been forcibly removed from their possession and would remain in control of another group for several thousand years. They would also bemoan the fact that a new faith system would be replacing the polytheism that had dominated the region in the years prior to the Jewish takeover. Jews view the city of Jerusalem with as many passions and emotions as the Muslims. They see it as one of the most significant cities of their faith, and as such, wish to reclaim it as a purely Judeo-Christian city. The emotions of the Jews towards the city have always been strong, but over time, have waxed and waned, leading to the times that we have now where the Jews are fighting as passionately for the city as their Muslim counterparts. Both groups have legitimate religious and traditional claims to the city, yet either refuses to give in and relent towards their passions for the city. They each want the city, and are willing to do just about anything to get and maintain control over it. Christians have a whole other unique perspective on the city of Jerusalem. Before we can discuss the artistic expression of the selected artwork, it bears discussing the cultural ties that bind Christians to the city of Jerusalem. Christians view the city as very important because not only did Jesus make his triumphal entry into the city during Holy Week, but also taught in the region. Additionally, the apostles taught in the region and it was from the city of Jerusalem that Christianity was established in the form of Christ’s death and resurrection. The piece of art that was selected was some hand painted tiles from Jerusalem that show scenes from the triumphal entry and major scenes from Holy Week. The tiles are well-painted and detailed. Though they are also twentieth century, the story they tell condenses the entire story of Christianity in four small tiles. They are done in yellows, blues, white, black, and red. These tiles show an older, wiser Jerusalem. There is an overall sadness to the scenes, when one places the tiles in the context of the Bible, one can find that there is indeed a sadness, but at the same time a joy in the scene being depicted. It is ironic that death represents life and birth, but that is indeed what this scene and this depiction of Jerusalem shows. For Christians, Jerusalem represents the birth of their religion and the new life that is promised from the rising from the dead of Christ. Though there may be other cities that are significant in Christendom, for Christians, the events that transpired the week of Holy Week in Jerusalem are what assured the promises made in all the other cities. This piece of art could be taken by the three religions in different ways. For Christians, obviously, there is an association with the outright birth of the religion. The death that occurred outside Jerusalem represented the birth of a whole new belief system. For Jews, while the beliefs of Christian might be unusual, would see Christians as having as legitimate a claim to the city as they do, since they feel that the two groups worship the same God. For Muslims, the scenes simply show significant scenes in the life of a major prophet of their faith. They may view the Christian’s claims towards the city as interesting, but not as significant nor as important as their own claim towards the city. Christian attitudes towards the city have always been passionate, and they actually fought seven crusades that were specifically designed to take back the city from the Muslims. While they were not successful for long in keeping the Muslims out, they were able to develop a life of â€Å"peaceful coexistence† with the Muslims. Christians traditionally have supported the Jewish claim towards the city, as evidenced in the fact that we actively support the mission of Israel today. Christian passions have always been high for the city, but they have cooled over time, and we no longer actively seek to crusade against those we perceive as infidels. Christians now instead seek peaceful coexistence with other groups, but especially the Muslims. Christians are a pragmatic people that see the realities of the situation and only seek to have the best possible outcomes for all the parties. As one can see from the above statements, Jerusalem holds a special place in the hearts of all three religions. While it has inflamed passions, it has also inspired Psalmists and believers for centuries. We should seek understanding of the situations that create the passions and instead of seeming to remain in a state of constant conflict. We should view Jerusalem as a source of inspiration and not as a source of contention. The world’s three largest religions each have legitimate claims to the city and each needs to give up something in order to get access to the one city that they all deem to be the most important in their religion. The city is a true test of negotiation and faith, and as such should remain a source of inspiration. Bibliography about. com, Painting of Jerusalem Psalms. Judaism. 2000. 19 Apr 2009 http://www. judaism. about. com/library/2_artlit/bl_artpsalms_ff. htm. (picture URL) about. com, Painting of Jerusalem Psalms. Judaism. 2000. 26 Apr 2009 http://www. judaism. about. com/library/2_artlit/bl_artpsalms_f. htm. Arab Art Gallery. Arab Art Gallery. 2004. 19 Apr 2009 http://arabartgallery. com/qud115. htm. Easter Gift-Holy Easter Week. Jerusalem Pottery. 2009. 19 Apr 2009 http://www. jerusalempottery. biz/products/Tiles/christian/easter_gift. htm. Importance of Jerusalem in Judaism and Israeli History. 2005. zionism-israel. com. 23 Apr 2009 http://www. zionism-israel. com/his/Jerusalem_history. htm. Memorandum of their Beatitudes the Patriarchs and of the Heads of the Christian Communities in Jerusalem on the Significance of Jerusalem for Christians. al-bushra. org. 14, Nov 1994. 23 Apr 2009 http://www. al-bushra. org/hedchrch/memorandum. htm. Procon. org, What is the Significance of Jerusalem for Muslims. 21 May 2008. procon. org. 26 Apr 2009 http://www. israelipalestinian. procon. org/viewanswers. asp? questionID=521.